On average, these corrective surgeries can take anywhere from about two to five hours depending on the complexity of the condition. What type of Anesthesia used for this procedure? The surgery for the separation of fused toes is generally performed under general anesthesia or IV Sedation. Preparing for the surgery:. Tell your surgeon about any medical conditions you have. If the patient is a child, his parents should inform the doctor of their medical history.
Preparations for anesthesia:. Before performing any surgery under general or IV Sedation anesthesia, tests for anesthesia-fitness are performed. These include heart function tests, kidney function tests, and lung function tests.
A history of any allergies, drugs and alcohol use will be taken. Complications of this procedure:. With any surgery, there are risks of getting complications related to the anesthesia and the actual surgical procedure. Anesthesia complications:.
Nausea and vomiting, headache, blurred vision, dizziness: Very common after anesthesia due to various medicines used in the procedure. Sore throat: Occurs because of a tube placed in your airway to assist ventilation. It is short-lived and settles down without the need for any medication. Itching: It occurs due to an allergic reaction to opiate containing medicines. It is not very common. Shivering: Occurs due to the patient becoming cold during the operation or due to some medicines given for anesthesia.
The patient will be warmed by blankets and oxygen given to them until their body temperature becomes normal. Damage to lips and teeth: Minor bruises on lips are common. Confusion or memory loss: More common in older people.
But It is always transient. Muscle pains: Due to a drug used during anesthesia called suxamethonium a muscle relaxant. It is always temporary. Surgical complications:. Bleeding from the wounds: Careful surgical procedure prevents this. Infection of the wounds: Good hygiene prevents this. Formation of clots: Clots may form in any surgery. For this reason, in susceptible patients, thromboprophylaxis is given.
Graft failure: Due to the inadequate blood supply to the skin graft, it may wither off and die. In such cases, another graft may have to be fashioned and places with making sure that it gets a better blood supply. Numbness: Some areas of numbness in the affected toes after the surgery are a normal occurrence as the nerves may get damaged during the surgery.
Stiffness of joints: This may occur after a few weeks due to inactivity and immobility and it may require physiotherapy to solve this issue.
The casts and bandages used after the surgery completely immobilize the joints giving the surgical wounds a chance to heal. This lack of activity may cause stiffness. Precautions and care after the surgery:. No hospital stay is required after the surgery.
The toes which were operated on are usually put into a special shoe or boot to immobilize them so that the skin gets a chance to heal. Pain medications will be given for a few days after the surgery. The gauze bandage stays on for two weeks after the surgery.
Syndactyly often presents as webbing, so people often refer to the condition as webbed toes or fingers. The majority of cases of webbed toes occur when the skin fails to separate during fetal development. Syndactyly may appear as a symptom of another syndrome or medical condition, but most cases are non-syndromic, meaning that they have no apparent cause. Currently, there are different syndromes linked to syndactyly, most of which are genetic conditions.
The most common ones include:. There is a well-established genetic basis for some types of syndactyly, and most people would consider webbed toes to be an inherited condition.
However, researchers still do not understand the full range of factors that cause the condition to develop because each case is different. According to the available research, boys are more likely to develop syndactyly than girls.
And Caucasian children seem to be more likely to develop webbed digits than children from other ethnic backgrounds. Although it can affect any of the toes or the spaces between them, syndactyly most frequently develops between the second and third toes. Minor cases may not interfere much with toe or foot movement and function.
However, if the toes are severely webbed or fused, the condition can be disabling. In most cases, it is possible to correct webbed toes surgically, and this usually occurs between the ages of 12 and 18 months before full development has happened. A doctor will usually order an X-ray or ultrasound of the webbed area to determine exactly which structures it involves and the best surgical approach. They may also order blood tests and chromosomal tests to check whether the webbing relates to another condition, or is syndromic, particularly if a child has other physical signs of a genetic syndrome.
The exact surgical procedure to correct webbed toes depends on the severity of the webbing and the structures it involves. In most cases, once the child is unconscious, the surgeon will cut through the webbing in a zigzag manner along the midline point. Cutting the webbing in this way will help to prevent the scarring from interfering with healthy growth and development. If any structures other than the skin are fused, the surgeon will carefully work to divide them as they make the zigzag cuts.
The surgeon will sometimes stitch skin grafts, or transplanted pieces of healthy skin, over the top of the exposed wounds to protect them as they heal. This will also minimize scarring by reducing tension as the wound heals. Complex and complicated syndactyly are obviously more of a concern than simple syndactyly. But syndactyly can cause problems regardless of the extent to which toes are fused. Footwear may be uncomfortable, especially if it puts pressure on the conjoined area or has toe posts.
Plus, kids who grow up with webbed toes can feel self-conscious in situations requiring bare feet, such as school swimming lessons. That embarrassment may continue into adulthood. They might not become independent digits due to a genetic condition for example, webbed toes can be associated with Down syndrome , but this is rare. As is the case with extra toes , syndactyly is present from birth and usually has no clear cause.
Unless the child has an especially mild case, syndactyly is usually treated. This tends to happen at an early age. X-rays and ultrasounds help doctors to determine the extent of the problem.
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